Yogyakarta, commonly known as “Jogja,” is a lively city on the Indonesian island of Java. Yogyakarta is a must-see location for those looking for an authentic Indonesian experience. The city is a fusion of traditional Javanese culture, arts, and modern metropolitan life, with a distinct flavor that captivates every visitor.
Its History
Yogyakarta’s history extends back to the 16th century, when it emerged as a major hub of Javanese culture and authority. It was the capital of the Mataram Sultanate, which helped shape Java’s cultural and political landscape. The city’s historical significance was reinforced throughout Indonesia’s war for independence in the twentieth century, with Yogyakarta serving as a key focus of opposition to colonial control.
The city is also known for its traditional Javanese arts, such as batik, wayang (shadow puppetry), and gamelan music. These cultural activities are strongly interwoven in the daily life of Yogyakarta people, transforming the city into a living museum of Javanese heritage.
How to Reach Yogyakarta
Yogyakarta is well-connected and accessible from all around Indonesia, as well as overseas places. Here are the primary ways to get to the city:
By Air
Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) is located approximately 45 kilometers from the city center. The airport serves both domestic and international flights, making it an ideal entrance point for travelers. You can get to your city accommodation by taking a taxi, shuttle bus, or private transfer from the airport.
By Train
Yogyakarta is an important railway hub in Java, with regular train services to major cities including Jakarta, Surabaya, and Bandung. Tugu Station, the main train station, is centrally positioned and provides convenient access to the city’s many areas.
By Bus
Several bus companies provide services to Yogyakarta from several cities in Java. The main bus terminal, Giwangan Bus Terminal, is around 5 kilometers from the city center. Buses are a cost-effective mode of transportation.
7 Must-See Tourist Attractions
Yogyakarta has various attractions that highlight its rich history and cultural heritage. Here are seven must-see attractions:
- Borobudur Temple
Borobudur is the world’s biggest Buddhist temple and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This remarkable edifice, located around 40 kilometers from Yogyakarta, was built in the ninth century and has elaborate carvings and stupas. Sunrise at Borobudur is a spectacular experience that you should not miss.
- Prambanan Temple
Prambanan is Indonesia’s greatest Hindu temple complex, erected in the tenth century. The temple is famous for its tall spires and intricate reliefs representing episodes from the Ramayana epic. Prambanan is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, including cultural performances in the evening.
- Kraton Yogyakarta
Yogyakarta’s cultural and political life revolves around the Kraton, also known as the Sultan’s Palace. This vast building houses the Sultan and his family while also serving as a focus for traditional Javanese arts and celebrations. Visitors can visit the palace’s museums and see cultural performances.
- Taman Sari Water Castle
Taman Sari, popularly known as the Water Castle, was formerly a royal park and retreat for the Sultan and his family. The facility has a number of pools, pavilions, and underground passages. It’s a wonderful place to visit, providing a look into the lavish lifestyle of Javanese royalty.
- Malioboro Street
Malioboro is Yogyakarta’s most famous shopping street, buzzing with activity both day and night. The area is studded with businesses, street sellers, and marketplaces that sell everything from batik and handicrafts to souvenirs and local cuisine. It’s an excellent location to experience the city’s dynamic environment.
- Ullen Sentalu Museum
The Ullen Sentalu Museum, located in the Kaliurang highlands, provides an in-depth look at Javanese art, culture and history. The museum’s exhibitions include royal antiques, traditional clothing, and contemporary artwork. The tranquil atmosphere and well-curated displays make it a must-see for cultural lovers.
- Mount Merapi
Mount Merapi, one of Indonesia’s most active volcanoes, is an exciting place to visit for adventurers. You can take a jeep tour to explore the slopes and see the aftermath of previous eruptions. Hiking to the summit for sunrise is also a popular activity, with breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside.
3 Must-Taste Dishes
Yogyakarta is a culinary heaven, with a wide range of traditional Javanese cuisine that delight the taste buds. Here are three must-try foods.
- Gudeg
Gudeg is Yogyakarta’s characteristic dish, composed from young jackfruit cooked in coconut milk and spices. It’s usually served with rice, chicken, hard-boiled eggs, and a spicy sambal. The meal has a distinct sweet and salty flavor that is specific to Javanese cuisine.
- Bakpia
Bakpia is a famous snack in Yogyakarta, made of flaky pastry filled with sweet mung bean paste. These bite-sized sweets come in a variety of tastes, such as chocolate, cheese, and green tea. Bakpia is an ideal souvenir to carry back home.
- Sate Klathak
Sate Klathak is a satay made with tender slices of goat meat impaled on metal rods and cooked over charcoal. The meat is seasoned with basic spices and served with a tasty sauce. It’s a must-try for meat enthusiasts.
Points to Keep in Mind While Visiting Yogyakarta
To have a polite and enjoyable stay in Yogyakarta, visitors must be aware of local customs and practices. Here are a few tips:
Respect Local Customs
Yogyakarta is firmly steeped in Javanese culture and history. When visiting religious and cultural sites, dress modestly and adhere to any special standards or prohibitions. It’s also common to greet natives with a respectful nod or bow.
Stay Hydrated
Yogyakarta’s tropical climate may be very hot and humid, especially during the dry season. Make sure to drink plenty of water and keep hydrated all day. Bring a reusable water bottle to replenish as required.
Bargain with a Smile
When buying at local markets or street vendors, bargaining is commonplace. However, always do so with a kind demeanor and a grin. Respectful haggling is part of the cultural experience and can be an enjoyable way to interact with people.
Use Trusted Transportation
For safety and convenience, select recognized transportation choices such as official taxis, ride-hailing apps, or pre-arranged trips. Avoid unregistered or unapproved cars, particularly at night.
Be Mindful of the Environment
Yogyakarta is renowned for its natural beauty and cultural legacy. Help protect this by being conscious of your environmental impact. Dispose of waste correctly, eliminate single-use plastics, and respect natural areas and wildlife.
Learn Basic Bahasa Indonesia
While many Yogyakarta natives speak English, knowing a few basic Bahasa Indonesia words will help you have a better vacation experience. Simple greetings and expressions of gratitude are always valued.
Enjoy the Local Arts
Yogyakarta is a center for traditional Javanese art. Take the time to attend local performances, art galleries, and seminars. Immersing oneself in the arts, whether it’s seeing a wayang show or producing your own batik, will make your visit more enjoyable.
Yogyakarta, with its rich history, culture, and natural beauty, provides guests with a wonderful experience. The city’s beauty and kindness will leave you with lasting memories, whether you’re seeing old temples or eating wonderful local cuisine.
